Skarn Associates’ GHG emissions database allows us to benchmark the attributed production from our stream and royalty interests and shows Operator scope 1 and 2 GHG emission intensity per net GEO benchmarks in the third quartile of produced gold. ROYAL GOLD Introduction About Royal Gold Governance Our People Operators and Communities Investment Stewardship Appendices 69 2024 Investment Stewardship Report NEVADA GOLD MINES SPOTLIGHT ON SUSTAINABLE ENERGY AND EMISSIONS MANAGEMENT Many major mining companies have defined plans to reduce their GHG emissions footprints through transitioning to lower-emission energy sources. In our annual review of sustainability activities in our portfolio, Barrick Gold, through its joint venture with Newmont Corporation, NGM, was a standout in its actions to reduce GHG emissions. Barrick is targeting an overall 30% reduction in emissions by 2030 with the goal of achieving net zero by 2050. In August 2024, NGM completed the construction of the second and final phase of its 200- megawatt solar power plant, located adjacent to its TS Power Plant near Dunphy, Nevada. The combined power facility provides energy to NGM’s operations, which includes Cortez Gold Mines and the Carlin operation, where Royal Gold holds numerous royalties that generated about 17% of our 2023 revenue. The solar power plant has a reported capacity of producing 17% of NGM’s annual power demand while realizing an equivalent emissions reduction of 234,000 t of CO 2 per year. The solar facility is one of many initiatives to reduce NGM’s reliance on carbon-based electricity sources. NGM is also in the process of modifying its TS Power Plant to use cleaner-burning natural gas as a fuel source from coal.