Operator Energy Consumption Report

Operator Energy Consumption The following table presents estimates for direct and indirect energy usage, which can be attributed to our interests, for a majority of our revenue-generating mineral properties, as available from Skarn Associates for calendar years 2018 through 2024. The table also details the GHG emissions associated with each unit of direct and indirect energy and provides a weighted average performance for the portfolio. Entries labeled “NR” means the data was not reported in the Skarn Associates database, and those labeled “–” are for periods when Royal Gold did not have royalty or stream revenue from the mineral property. Skarn Associates may update prior year information, which we may have presented in prior reports. We use the most current data available from Skarn Associates and adjust our presentation of data and calculations accordingly. The Operator Energy Consumption table does not include assets from the Sandstorm/Horizon or Kansanshi transactions as these were not in our portfolio during 2024. Mineral Property/Operator Year 1 Royal Gold Net GEOs 2 (%) Total Energy Intensity (GJ/ GEO) Quartile Ranking 8 RGLD Attributed Energy Estimates 4,5 Energy Emission Factor Electrical Power Consumption (kW-hr/t Ore Treated) Direct Indirect Total Direct Indirect Total (Tera Joule) (tCO 2 e/Tera Joule) Principal Properties Andacollo Teck Resources Limited 2019 17.2% 98 319 417 71 113 103 26 2020 13.4% 81 253 334 71 76 75 25 2021 11.4% 103 338 441 71 0 16 30 2022 8.4% 81 254 335 71 0 17 30 2023 8.4% 82 213 295 71 0 20 27 2024 6.5% 4th 60 150 210 71 0 20 27 Cortez 3 Nevada Gold Mines LLC 2019 4.3% 47 18 65 71 81 74 19 2020 6.1% 85 27 112 71 81 73 18 2021 11.0% 179 54 234 71 71 71 12 2022 10.6% 130 45 175 71 91 76 26 2023 18.8% 223 79 302 71 21 58 16 2024 11.3% 3rd 172 64 236 71 17 56 41 INTRODUCTION ABOUT ROYAL GOLD GOVERNANCE OUR PEOPLE OPERATORS AND COMMUNITIES INVESTMENT STEWARDSHIP APPENDICES Royal Gold | 2025-2026 Investment Stewardship Report 92

Mineral Property/Operator Year 1 Royal Gold Net GEOs 2 (%) Total Energy Intensity (GJ/ GEO) Quartile Ranking 8 RGLD Attributed Energy Estimates 4,5 Energy Emission Factor Electrical Power Consumption (kW-hr/t Ore Treated) Direct Indirect Total Direct Indirect Total (Tera Joule) (tCO 2 e/Tera Joule) Mount Milligan Centerra Gold Inc. 2019 23.3% 187 386 573 70 8 29 33 2020 24.8% 203 459 662 70 11 29 30 2021 23.5% 202 443 645 70 3 24 29 2022 27.0% 252 473 725 70 3 26 27 2023 23.5% 237 491 728 70 3 25 27 2024 24.3% 4th 264 475 740 70 4 27 26 Pueblo Viejo Barrick Gold Corporation 2019 17.3% 1,251 0 1,251 77 0 77 266 2020 16.9% 1,404 17 1,422 62 156 64 308 2021 14.1% 1,646 24 1,669 60 164 62 355 2022 12.4% 1,326 19 1,346 60 163 61 305 2023 10.6% 821 27 849 52 149 55 230 2024 9.6% 4th 437 148 477 51 149 59 150 Non-Principal Properties Allan/Borax Nutrien Ltd. 2019 0.3% NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 2020 0.3% NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 2021 0.3% NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 2022 0.3% NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 2023 0.3% NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 2024 0.3% NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR Bald Mountain 3 Kinross Gold Corporation 2019 0.2% 5 0 5 71 196 82 3 2020 0.0% 1 0 1 71 196 82 3 2021 0.2% 4 0 5 71 155 78 3 2022 0.4% 8 1 9 71 102 74 3 2023 0.3% 8 1 10 71 92 74 3 2024 0.1% 3rd 2 0 3 71 295 95 3 ABOUT ROYAL GOLD INTRODUCTION GOVERNANCE OUR PEOPLE OPERATORS AND COMMUNITIES INVESTMENT STEWARDSHIP APPENDICES Royal Gold | 2025-2026 Investment Stewardship Report 93

Mineral Property/Operator Year 1 Royal Gold Net GEOs 2 (%) Total Energy Intensity (GJ/ GEO) Quartile Ranking 8 RGLD Attributed Energy Estimates 4,5 Energy Emission Factor Electrical Power Consumption (kW-hr/t Ore Treated) Direct Indirect Total Direct Indirect Total (Tera Joule) (tCO 2 e/Tera Joule) Bellevue Bellevue Gold Ltd. 2019 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2020 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2021 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2022 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2023 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2024 1.1% NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR Canadian Malartic 3 Agnico Eagle Mines Ltd. 2019 1.8% 23 15 38 70 0 42 28 2020 1.6% 23 16 39 70 1 41 28 2021 1.5% 18 11 29 70 1 43 24 2022 1.0% 12 9 21 69 1 39 34 2023 0.3% 4 3 6 70 1 42 34 2024 0.1% 3rd 1 1 2 69 0.2 36 35 Celtic/Wonder North Northern Star Resources Ltd. 2019 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2020 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2021 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2022 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2023 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2024 0.1% NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR Côté IAMGOLD Corporation 2019 —% — — — — — — — 2020 —% — — — — — — — 2021 —% — — — — — — — 2022 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2023 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2024 0.5% 2nd 9 4 13 69 10 50 39 INTRODUCTION ABOUT ROYAL GOLD GOVERNANCE OUR PEOPLE OPERATORS AND COMMUNITIES INVESTMENT STEWARDSHIP APPENDICES Royal Gold | 2025-2026 Investment Stewardship Report 94

Mineral Property/Operator Year 1 Royal Gold Net GEOs 2 (%) Total Energy Intensity (GJ/ GEO) Quartile Ranking 8 RGLD Attributed Energy Estimates 4,5 Energy Emission Factor Electrical Power Consumption (kW-hr/t Ore Treated) Direct Indirect Total Direct Indirect Total (Tera Joule) (tCO 2 e/Tera Joule) Dolores Pan American Silver Corporation 2019 1.9% 37 10 48 70 128 83 15 2020 1.5% 35 10 45 70 127 83 15 2021 2.0% 27 12 39 70 98 79 14 2022 1.9% 21 12 32 70 44 61 13 2023 1.6% 13 11 24 70 44 58 13 2024 1.1% 2nd 11 9 19 68 123 93 11 Don Nicolas 3 Cerrado Gold, Inc. 2019 0.0% NR NR NR 0 0 0 NR 2020 0.4% 0 0 0 59 0 59 76 2021 0.2% 6 0 6 63 0 63 76 2022 0.2% 5 0 5 63 0 63 76 2023 0.1% 2 0 2 63 0 63 76 2024 0.4% 2nd 11 0 11 67 0 67 14 El Limón Equinox Gold 2019 0.6% 15 5 20 74 83 76 103 2020 0.9% 17 6 23 74 83 76 103 2021 1.0% 19 8 27 74 83 76 113 2022 1.2% 12 10 22 73 0 39 141 2023 1.1% 13 10 24 70 0 40 150 2024 1.2% 3rd 15 12 27 70 0 39 154 Goldstrike 3 Nevada Gold Mines LLC (Goldstrike and Carlin were combined by Nevada Gold Mines for reporting purposes starting in 2019 and are referred to as Carlin.) 2019 0.9% 41 18 59 77 59 72 288 2020 0.7% 26 8 33 79 81 79 143 2021 0.6% 26 7 33 78 77 78 114 2022 0.7% 23 4 27 88 145 96 163 2023 0.3% 14 3 17 74 17 63 246 2024 0.3% 4th 15 3 18 75 15 64 275 INTRODUCTION ABOUT ROYAL GOLD GOVERNANCE OUR PEOPLE OPERATORS AND COMMUNITIES INVESTMENT STEWARDSHIP APPENDICES Royal Gold | 2025-2026 Investment Stewardship Report 95

Mineral Property/Operator Year 1 Royal Gold Net GEOs 2 (%) Total Energy Intensity (GJ/ GEO) Quartile Ranking 8 RGLD Attributed Energy Estimates 4,5 Energy Emission Factor Electrical Power Consumption (kW-hr/t Ore Treated) Direct Indirect Total Direct Indirect Total (Tera Joule) (tCO 2 e/Tera Joule) Granite Creek i-80 Gold Corp. 2019 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2020 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2021 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2022 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2023 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2024 0.2% NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR Gwalia 3 Genesis Minerals Limited 2019 1.0% 18 0 18 62 0 62 134 2020 0.9% 21 0 21 61 0 61 164 2021 0.9% 21 0 21 60 0 60 130 2022 0.8% 21 0 21 60 0 60 130 2023 0.7% 18 0 18 61 0 61 130 2024 0.7% 4th 18 0 19 59 182 60 125 Khoemacau MMG Limited (formally Khoemacau Copper) 2019 —% — — — — — — — 2020 —% — — — — — — — 2021 0.7% 5 6 11 74 259 172 2022 3.1% 22 25 46 74 259 172 52 2023 5.4% 36 38 74 74 233 157 49 2024 4.3% 1st (Cu) 39 40 79 71 274 176 50 King of the Hills Vault Minerals Limited 2019 0.4% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2020 0.2% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2021 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2022 0.2% 10 0 10 64 0 64 35 2023 0.8% 27 0 27 62 0 62 42 2024 0.9% 4th 30 0 30 63 0 63 36 INTRODUCTION ABOUT ROYAL GOLD GOVERNANCE OUR PEOPLE OPERATORS AND COMMUNITIES INVESTMENT STEWARDSHIP APPENDICES Royal Gold | 2025-2026 Investment Stewardship Report 96

Mineral Property/Operator Year 1 Royal Gold Net GEOs 2 (%) Total Energy Intensity (GJ/ GEO) Quartile Ranking 8 RGLD Attributed Energy Estimates 4,5 Energy Emission Factor Electrical Power Consumption (kW-hr/t Ore Treated) Direct Indirect Total Direct Indirect Total (Tera Joule) (tCO 2 e/Tera Joule) LaRonde Zone 5 3 Agnico Eagle Mines Ltd. 2019 0.5% 2 5 7 59 1 18 147 2020 0.4% 2 5 6 60 0 16 152 2021 0.4% 2 5 6 61 0 17 147 2022 0.6% 3 7 9 61 0 17 162 2023 0.5% 2 6 9 61 0 17 162 2024 0.6% 2nd 3 8 11 62 0 176 167 Leeville (North) 3 Nevada Gold Mines LLC (Scope 1 emissions included portions of emissions from the Western 102 and TS power plants.) 2019 0.3% 15 6 21 77 59 72 288 2020 0.3% 12 4 16 79 81 79 143 2021 1.0% 45 12 57 78 77 78 114 2022 0.9% 31 6 37 88 145 96 163 2023 1.1% 49 12 61 74 17 63 246 2024 1.3% 4th 68 15 84 75 0 64 275 Manh Choh Kinross Gold Corporation 2019 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2020 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2021 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2022 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2023 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2024 1.7% 2nd 33 7 40 71 296 109 6 Mara Rosa Hochschild Mining plc 2019 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2020 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2021 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2022 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2023 0.0% 0 0 0 NR NR NR NR 2024 0.7% 2nd 6 7 13 74 23 47 39 INTRODUCTION ABOUT ROYAL GOLD GOVERNANCE OUR PEOPLE OPERATORS AND COMMUNITIES INVESTMENT STEWARDSHIP APPENDICES Royal Gold | 2025-2026 Investment Stewardship Report 97

Mineral Property/Operator Year 1 Royal Gold Net GEOs 2 (%) Total Energy Intensity (GJ/ GEO) Quartile Ranking 8 RGLD Attributed Energy Estimates 4,5 Energy Emission Factor Electrical Power Consumption (kW-hr/t Ore Treated) Direct Indirect Total Direct Indirect Total (Tera Joule) (tCO 2 e/Tera Joule) Marigold 3 SSR Mining Inc. 2019 1.5% 27 2 29 70 81 68 1 2020 1.7% 39 3 42 70 81 64 2 2021 1.6% 43 3 46 70 97 63 2 2022 1.3% 32 2 34 70 98 65 2 2023 1.0% 19 2 21 70 92 72 3 2024 1.3% 4th 38 5 43 75 104 73 2 Meekathara 3 Westgold Resources Ltd. 2019 0.7% 20 0 20 70 0 70 56 2020 0.8% 24 0 24 70 0 70 56 2021 0.7% 22 0 22 70 0 70 53 2022 0.6% 17 0 17 70 0 70 55 2023 0.4% 12 0 12 70 0 70 63 2024 0.1% NR NR NR NR 60 0 60 62 Peñasquito Newmont Corporation 2019 4.1% 67 61 127 74 129 100 51 2020 7.1% 63 66 129 74 127 101 41 2021 8.2% 87 81 168 74 111 91 41 2022 7.6% 85 75 160 74 117 94 39 2023 3.4% 44 74 119 74 71 72 67 2024 7.7% 4th 88 148 235 74 72 73 67 Rainy River Coeur Mining, Inc. 2019 5.5% 106 54 160 70 2 47 32 2020 4.7% 89 53 142 70 6 46 31 2021 5.2% 111 65 176 70 6 46 32 2022 5.0% 94 59 154 70 8 46 34 2023 5.8% 101 64 165 70 11 47 35 2024 5.6% 3rd 83 71 154 70 8 41 35 INTRODUCTION ABOUT ROYAL GOLD GOVERNANCE OUR PEOPLE OPERATORS AND COMMUNITIES INVESTMENT STEWARDSHIP APPENDICES Royal Gold | 2025-2026 Investment Stewardship Report 98

Mineral Property/Operator Year 1 Royal Gold Net GEOs 2 (%) Total Energy Intensity (GJ/ GEO) Quartile Ranking 8 RGLD Attributed Energy Estimates 4,5 Energy Emission Factor Electrical Power Consumption (kW-hr/t Ore Treated) Direct Indirect Total Direct Indirect Total (Tera Joule) (tCO 2 e/Tera Joule) Red Chris Newmont Corporation 2019 —% — — — — — — — 2020 —% — — — — — — — 2021 —% — — — — — — — 2022 0.5% 11 9 20 65 7 37 34 2023 0.6% 15 13 28 69 5 39 36 2024 0.4% 4th 12 11 23 69 4 38 59 Robinson KGHM International Ltd. 2019 1.9% 46 46 92 71 158 114 41 2020 2.2% 64 63 127 71 158 114 41 2021 1.8% 44 44 88 71 158 114 41 2022 1.9% 50 49 100 71 158 114 41 2023 1.5% 44 44 88 71 158 114 41 2024 2.5% 4th 58 58 116 71 180 125 41 Skyline Wolverine Fuels, LLC 2019 0.3% NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 2020 0.3% NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 2021 0.1% NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 2022 0.0% NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 2023 0.3% NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 2024 0.3% NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR South Laverton 3 Northern Star Resources Ltd. 2019 1.1% 18 0 18 74 0 74 36 2020 2.2% 36 0 36 74 0 74 36 2021 1.9% 46 0 46 70 0 70 49 2022 1.3% 40 0 40 74 0 74 21 2023 1.4% 31 0 31 73 0 73 29 2024 1.4% 3rd 33 0 33 63 0 63 15 INTRODUCTION ABOUT ROYAL GOLD GOVERNANCE OUR PEOPLE OPERATORS AND COMMUNITIES INVESTMENT STEWARDSHIP APPENDICES Royal Gold | 2025-2026 Investment Stewardship Report 99

Mineral Property/Operator Year 1 Royal Gold Net GEOs 2 (%) Total Energy Intensity (GJ/ GEO) Quartile Ranking 8 RGLD Attributed Energy Estimates 4,5 Energy Emission Factor Electrical Power Consumption (kW-hr/t Ore Treated) Direct Indirect Total Direct Indirect Total (Tera Joule) (tCO 2 e/Tera Joule) Southern Cross Shandong Tianye Group 2019 0.4% 4 2 6 74 192 116 36 2020 0.3% 3 1 4 74 189 111 29 2021 0.3% 3 2 5 74 187 116 34 2022 0.3% 2 2 4 74 182 129 55 2023 0.3% 2 2 5 74 182 129 54 2024 0.4% 2nd 3 3 5 74 149 112 54 Voisey’s Bay Vale S.A. 2019 2.0% 16 0 16 71 0 71 52 2020 1.5% 11 0 11 71 0 71 52 2021 2.6% 22 0 22 71 0 71 52 2022 1.5% 21 0 21 71 0 71 60 2023 0.8% 19 0 19 71 0 71 57 2024 1.0% 2nd (Cu) 47 0 47 71 0 71 173 Wassa Chifeng Jilong Gold Mining Co., Ltd. 2019 4.4% 22 21 44 71 36 54 50 2020 5.0% 23 26 50 71 37 53 46 2021 4.9% 34 34 69 71 184 127 62 2022 5.2% 34 34 68 71 184 128 62 2023 5.2% 22 30 51 71 188 140 56 2024 6.3% 2nd 24 39 63 74 189 145 56 Wharf Coeur Mining, Inc. 2019 0.6% 9 7 16 71 114 88 22 2020 0.7% 7 7 13 71 96 83 22 2021 0.6% 14 7 21 71 43 62 22 2022 0.5% 13 6 18 71 46 63 22 2023 0.7% 17 2 20 71 113 68 7 2024 0.5% 3rd 10 1 11 63 114 68 6 INTRODUCTION ABOUT ROYAL GOLD GOVERNANCE OUR PEOPLE OPERATORS AND COMMUNITIES INVESTMENT STEWARDSHIP APPENDICES Royal Gold | 2025-2026 Investment Stewardship Report 100

Mineral Property/Operator Year 1 Royal Gold Net GEOs 2 (%) Total Energy Intensity (GJ/ GEO) Quartile Ranking 8 RGLD Attributed Energy Estimates 4,5 Energy Emission Factor Electrical Power Consumption (kW-hr/t Ore Treated) Direct Indirect Total Direct Indirect Total (Tera Joule) (tCO 2 e/Tera Joule) Williams 7 Barrick Gold Corporation 2019 0.6% 4 6 10 66 5 31 77 2020 0.7% 4 5 9 65 8 32 101 2021 0.4% 3 5 8 63 8 27 153 2022 0.2% 1 2 4 64 8 28 155 2023 (0.2%) -1 -2 -3 62 8 27 140 2024 0.3% 2nd 2 3 5 61 8 26 127 Xavantina Ero Copper 2019 —% — — — — — — — 2020 —% — — — — — — — 2021 1.2% 4 9 12 74 17 34 154 2022 3.1% 9 18 27 74 17 36 141 2023 4.1% 6 12 18 74 17 36 141 2024 5.0% 2nd 12 24 36 61 13 31 203 Other Interests 2019 0.2% NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 2020 0.1% NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 2021 0.2% NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 2022 0.2% NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 2023 0.3% NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 2024 0.1% NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR INTRODUCTION ABOUT ROYAL GOLD GOVERNANCE OUR PEOPLE OPERATORS AND COMMUNITIES INVESTMENT STEWARDSHIP APPENDICES Royal Gold | 2025-2026 Investment Stewardship Report 101